Land and use competition between agricultural and/or pastoral land with other uses, mainly urban areas expansion, constitute a key factor when tackling sustainable land use planning. The increasing demand of space for urban and other non-food production activities development is increasingly relegating food production to land areas lesser suitable for human and economic activities. These changes lead to lower productivity of agricultural land. In addition, other factors, like land degradation soil erosion or the occurrence of recurrent disasters, while not always coincident with land use-cover transformations, exacerbate the decrease of land productivity. The enhancement of food production requires the assessment and monitoring of these factors for improved and informed decision making aiming at mitigating their adverse effects.